Basque Country

The Basque Country is a region located in southwest France and northwest Spain, with a landscape that ranges from rugged coastlines to the hills of the Western Pyrenees. The region is divided into two main areas: the Spain Basque Country (Euskal Herria) and the French Basque Country (Pays Basque). Due to its relatively inhospitable terrain, the Basque Country remained fairly isolated from the rest of France and Spain until modern times. This isolation contributed to the development of a distinct history, culture, and language—Euskara—which is unlike any other in Europe. Today, the Basque Country is a tourist hotspot all year round, drawing visitors from across the world thanks to its beautiful natural scenery and unique blend of cultures.  

The Basque Country language is called ‘Euskara’ and it’s typically only spoken by the Basque ethnic group - those who hail from the Basque region itself. It’s linguistically distinct from French and Spanish (although there are echoes of each to be found in Euskara), and although its etymology has never been determined, it’s still spoken by approximately 28 percent of modern Basques. The 1960s saw the uptake of a standardised version of Euskara, which is what most Basque people speak, but there are at least 6 other Basque dialects still spoken today.  

The Basque Country is divided into three historic territories: Alava, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa, each with its own capital: Vitoria-Gasteiz, Bilbao and San Sebastián, respectively. Although the Basque Country, also known as País Vasco, doesn’t have a single official capital, Vitoria-Gasteiz is recognized as the administrative capital. As Bilbao is the largest city in the region and San Sebastián the most famous tourist destination, there’s often confusion (and argument) over the Basque Country’s capital.  

The Basque Country is easily reached by ferry. There are multiple routes and arrival options available - with ferries crossing to both Spain and France. You can choose to arrive in Bilbao or Santander directly, but there are plenty of other stops within a drivable distance to the Basque Country. Travelling by ferry is by far the easiest and most relaxing way to get to the region, and allows holidaymakers to bring their own car, to further explore the Basque Country without restriction. 

There’s plenty to see and do in the Basque Country, so it’s entirely up to you how you decide to structure your visit. Those inclined to active holidays should make sure to check out the many beaches of the region - perfect for surfers, swimmers, and sunseekers - and the various hiking routes that run from coastal strolls to hilly treks. Those keen to eat and drink their way around the Basque Country should definitely book a visit to its gastronomic capital, San Sebastián, and be sure to explore the various wineries and traditional cider houses the region is known for. In terms of cultural pursuits, the art scene is world-renowned for good reason, with Guggenheim Bilbao attracting visitors from across the globe.  

You’ll likely have already heard of San Sebastián, Bilbao, and Biarritz, but there are so many other incredible, lesser-known cities to visit in Basque Country. We’d recommend exploring Hondarribia, Vitoria-Gasteiz, and Zarautz in Spanish Basque Country. In French Basque Country, look out for Bayonne, Saint-Jean-de-Luz and Hendaye. You’ll be spoilt for choice.